Don’t Catholics Worship the Pope?

No.

Now that we’ve got that settled, let’s discuss the Holy Father’s role in the Church, and the origin of the office.

The Pope is the leader of the Catholic Church, successor to St. Peter, who was appointed by Christ to shepherd His Church until His return. Many non-Catholics have argued against the primacy of Peter, the notion that Jesus singled him out to lead in His absence. But this is clearly shown from Scripture, starting with Matthew 16:18: “And I say to thee: That thou art Peter; and upon this rock I will build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.“ Some deny that there was anything special about Peter, that he wasn’t singled out for a special leadership role by Jesus, but the entirety of the New Testament argues against this: Peter is mentioned 195 times. The next most frequent mention is John, who is referred to only 29 times. If you add up all the Apostles, the total is around 130. Clearly Peter held favor not only with Jesus, but with the others as well, and whenever the Apostles are listed, his name comes first.

Thus did Jesus give Peter the “keys to the Kingdom of Heaven,” making him the first pope. And there’s been an unbroken line of shepherds guiding our church since then, which you can view here. Peter’s name change is interesting: in the Bible, whenever God bestows a special promise upon someone, he often changes their name: Abram/Abraham, “father of multitudes;” Sarai/Sarah, “the princess;” Jacob/Israel, “prince of God;” and of course Simon becomes Peter, “the rock.”

Here, many Protestants dismiss the title of Peter with verbal gymnastics: “Peter means pebble in Greek, not rock,” they say, but this does not hold up to scrutiny. These passages were written in the Koine dialect, not classical Hellenistic Attic Greek, and for petra or petros there’s no distinction between “pebble” and “large rock.” But there doesn’t need to be, because where small rocks are specifically referred to, as in Matthew 4:3, John 10:31, or 1 Peter 2:5, the word used is “litho” or its plural, “lithoi”, which does specifically mean “pebble” and is plain to see from reading the passages in their full context.

It’s also worth noting Matthew’s Gospel, because it was written in Aramaic and then translated to Greek. In it, Peter’s Cephas (a transliteration of the Aramaic Kepha, which means “rock”, not “pebble”) appears eight times: John 1:42; 1 Corinthians 1:12, 3:22, 9:5, and 15:5; and Galatians 2:9, 11, and 14. Peter is a rock, quod erat demonstrandum.

We should also take into account people’s reaction to Peter when he spoke. At the Council of Jerusalem (the Church’s first council), which is related in Acts 15, there was a lot of bickering going on until Peter stood and began talking, at which point “the whole assembly became silent” (NIV). Obviously the council recognized St. Peter’s authority, and considered it final.

So too did the Roman Emperors, who ruthlessly pursued and destroyed any perceived rival to the throne, for every pope of the first 200 years except one or two was martyred. They knew who to target. After executing Pope Fabian in 250 A.D., the Emperor Decius is said to have declared: “I would far rather receive news of a rival to the throne than of another bishop of Rome.”